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30°45′14″N / 35°10′31″E
November 22, 2011. Impact craters and wreckage of two Israeli Air Force (IAF) Skyhawk planes used as targets along a simulated airstrip in the live-fire zone of the Naḥal Masor/Wādi Munshār (Heb./Arabic). The IAF uses dummy bombs−weights without explosives or detonation−to target the airstrip from above and register the accuracy. The hundreds of pockmarks across the soft surface of the canyon floor register the bombing runs. This portion of the Aravah desert lies below sea level and at the base of the tributaries of the Aravah stream. The nearby Moshav ‛Ein Ḥatzeva was founded in 1965 by Naḥal soldiers to support Jewish settlement growth throughout Israel, particularly in the more remote areas of the country. Three years later, it became a civilian moshav.