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31°2′0″N / 34°29′30″E
November 13, 2011. Marks of passage along an improvised route through the Ḥalutza Sands heading south toward the Egyptian border, on the former Palestinian villages of Naba‛āt, Subḥiyeen, and Najamāt, of the Tarabīn tribe, evacuated in the aftermath of Operation Yoʼav, which took place in October 1948 and was designed to defeat the Egyptian army south of the country and expand the borders of Israel (see 7). Much of this southern section of the Negev is considered off-limits, with large swaths of closed military live-fire training zones run by the Israeli military.